As we celebrate National Pet Day, it's the perfect time to reflect on why having a pet is not just joyful but also incredibly beneficial for our health and wellbeing. Pet ownership goes beyond companionship; it can have significant positive effects for both the animals and their human companions.
Research has shown a myriad of health benefits associated with having a furry or feathered friend at home. In this article, we'll explore some of these benefits and delve into how pets contribute to a healthier and happier life for everyone involved.
One Health - One Welfare: It is increasingly being recognised that the health and welfare of animals and humans are closely linked, with both pets and their human carers gaining positive outcomes from the special relationship they share.
Benefits for humans
Physical health
Interacting with pets like dogs, cats, rabbits, rodents, horses, fish, birds, reptiles, and amphibians can significantly benefit human health, both physically and mentally.
For instance, dog owners tend to be more physically active due to activities like walking, leading to better overall health measures such as lower body mass index.
Similarly, owning a horse can improve physical fitness through the dynamic interaction between rider and horse, engaging different muscle groups and requiring energy for care activities.
Moreover, owning pets, especially dogs, has been linked to improved cardiovascular health, including lower resting heart rates, blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and reduced risk of cardiovascular problems. While it's essential to note that these associations may not imply causation, as healthier individuals may choose to have pets, the benefits are notable.
CAT-TASTIC
The benefits of cat ownership are widely recognised, particularly in New Zealand, where 44% of households own at least one cat. These benefits include social enablement, as cats can provide companionship and improve the quality of life for the elderly by offering emotional support. Cats also serve society as working animals, aiding in tasks such as pest control on farms and providing occupational therapy.
While cats can have negative impacts on ecosystems, they also play a role in controlling pest species like rodents and rabbits, thus benefiting the environment by preventing excessive damage caused by these pests. A wider debate about cat management is one for another article, but we can conclude from research that for humans and cats alike – our company can be mutually beneficial.
Mental health
Pets also offer significant mental health benefits by providing companionship, comfort, and routine. They can help reduce depression and anxiety, promote a sense of calm through activities like petting, and encourage daily routines for those struggling with motivation. For many, pets serve as reminders to care for themselves, nudging them to stay active and engaged.
Importantly, ownership in the traditional sense is not necessary to promote human wellbeing. Interactions with ‘shared companion animals’ (like horses at riding schools, camps, or at ‘riding for the disabled’ programs) have been shown to promote dramatic physical and emotional benefits for the people spending time with these animals.
Additionally, pets play a crucial role in combating isolation and loneliness, especially for older adults or those living alone. Walking a dog can lead to social interactions with other dog owners, fostering connections and reducing feelings of isolation. Being outdoors with pets, particularly dogs and horses, also exposes individuals to nature, which is known to positively impact mental wellbeing.
Living longer?
Owning a pet could even help you live longer! One study with over 400 participants found that dog owners had better survival rates after 12 months compared to non-dog owners. Additionally, research indicates that patients undergoing therapy with dogs experience reduced pain scores and quicker recovery.
Positive impacts of animal interaction on childrens’ learning
Studies have suggested potential benefits for children with autism, developmental disorders, or those who have experienced abuse. Dogs have been shown to improve communication skills in children with developmental delays and increase environmental awareness. Additionally, horseback riding has been linked to improved behavior ratings in autistic children. Animal-assisted therapy has also been found to reduce traumatic symptoms in children who have experienced abuse.
Pet ownership appears to support learning in two specific areas: developing empathy and emotional skills, as well as performing well in school-related responsibilities.
Benefits for animals
Here are some key ways in which pets experience health benefits from being cared for by their human companions:
Physical exercise: Dogs, in particular, benefit from regular exercise such as walking, running, and playing fetch. This physical activity helps maintain a healthy weight, strengthens muscles and joints, and improves cardiovascular health. Cats also benefit from play sessions that keep them active and agile.
Mental stimulation: Interaction with humans provides pets with mental stimulation, preventing boredom and behavioral issues. Activities like training, puzzle toys, and socialising with other pets or humans contribute to their mental wellbeing.
Emotional bonding: The bond formed between pets and their owners promotes emotional stability for the animals. Pets thrive on companionship and affection, which boosts their overall happiness and reduces stress levels.
Healthcare monitoring: Regular visits to the veterinarian for check-ups, vaccinations, and preventive care ensure that pets receive necessary medical attention. This proactive approach to healthcare helps detect and address potential health issues early on.
Nutritional needs: Responsible pet ownership includes providing balanced nutrition tailored to the specific needs of each pet. Proper diet and access to fresh water contribute to their overall health and vitality.
Safe environment: Pets kept in a safe and secure environment, free from hazards and dangers, experience a higher quality of life. This includes protection from extreme weather conditions, toxic substances, and potential accidents.
Social interaction: Pets that interact with other animals or humans in a positive environment develop social skills and confidence. This can be beneficial, especially for animals like dogs that thrive on socialisation.
Preventing abandonment: Responsible pet ownership includes commitment to the long-term care of the animal. This reduces the likelihood of pets being abandoned or surrendered, ensuring they have a stable and loving home throughout their lives.
So there we have it! On this National Pet Day let’s ponder the mutually beneficial relationship that enhances the lives of both humans and animals. Through this interconnectedness we can provide a holistic approach to caring for animals, addressing their physical, mental, and emotional needs and in turn, get many of our own needs met also.
